The Dynamics of Interpersonal Communication in Grandma’s Foundation’s Social Services for the Elderly in South Tangerang

Abstract

The increasing population of older adults in urban areas presents new challenges for social services, particularly in addressing psychosocial well-being. In this context, interpersonal communication plays a crucial role in fostering empathetic and supportive relationships between volunteers and older adults. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of interpersonal communication in community-based social services at Grandma’s Foundation in South Tangerang and examine its role in supporting the psychosocial well-being of older adults. This research adopts a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with managers, volunteers, and older adults, as well as document analysis. The data were analyzed thematically using an interpersonal communication framework, incorporating Person-Centered Communication, Communication Accommodation Theory, and Social Support Theory. The findings indicate that interpersonal communication at Grandma’s Foundation is characterized by empathetic, participatory, and adaptive interactions across generations. Volunteers play a key role in building trust, providing emotional support, and adjusting communication styles to accommodate the emotional and cognitive conditions of older adults. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including potential miscommunication and instances of over-accommodation, such as elderspeak. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that interpersonal communication is not merely a means of message exchange but a strategic instrument in volunteer-based social services that contributes significantly to the development of humanistic, inclusive, and responsive care for older adults in urban settings.